historical photo of a street with people coming and going

2/10 Koreans and Transnational History at the Border of Korea, Russia, and China

Soh Jaipil Lecture Series
How to Claim a Migrant:
Koreans and Transnational History
at the Border of Korea, Russia, and China

Speaker

Alyssa Park
Associate Professor of History
University of Iowa

Moderator

Gregg A. Brazinsky
Deputy Director
George Washington University

Date & Time

Wednesday, February 10, 2021
3:00 p.m. – 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time

Virtual Event via Zoom

This event will not be recorded.

Event Description

In the late nineteenth century, Koreans suddenly began to cross the border to Russia and China by the thousands.  Their continuous mobility and settlement in the tripartite borderland made them an enduring topic of dispute between multiple countries (Korea, Russia, China, and Japan), and prompted a host of questions that concerned fundamental questions about states’ governance over people: Which country had the right to exercise authority over mobile people and where?  Who possessed the right to control their movements?  This talk brings the global phenomena of mobility and bordermaking into the microspace of Korea’s borderlands—specifically, the Maritime, the Russian side of a newly delineated border.  Moving away from scholarly debates centering on disputes over territory, this talk focuses on contests over people.  It examines why Koreans moved, what officials thought of them, and how they attempted to claim Koreans in their own states.  It also illuminates questions that emerge from engaging in transnational history projects in the East Asia and Russia contexts.  The talk draws from Alyssa Park’s book, Sovereignty Experiments: Korean Migrants and the Building of Borders in Northeast Asia, 1860-1945.

 

Speaker

Alyssa Park is Associate Professor of History at the University of Iowa.  Her research focuses on migration, borderlands, and transnational history in Korea and northeast Asia, including Russia.  Her work has been supported by numerous fellowships, including ACLS/Mellon, Korea Foundation, and the Kennan Institute of the Woodrow Wilson Center.  She published the book Sovereignty Experiments: Korean Migrants and the Building of Borders in Northeast Asia, 1860-1945 (Cornell University Press, 2019).  Dr. Park received her A.B. from Princeton University and Ph.D. from Columbia University.

 

Moderator

Gregg A. Brazinsky is Professor of History and International Affairs and Deputy Director of GW Institute for Korean Studies. His research seeks to understand the diverse and multi-faceted interactions among East Asian states and between Asia and the United States. He is the author of Nation Building in South Korea: Koreans, Americans, and the Making of a Democracy (University of North Carolina Press, 2007) and Winning the Third World: Sino-American Rivalry during the Cold War (University of North Carolina Press, 2017). He served as Interim Director of the GW Institute for Korean Studies during the Spring 2017 semester.

GW Institute for Korean Studies

Pregnant belly with a cutout of people holding hands over the stomach

1/22 “Baby Miles”: Reproductive Rights, Labor, and Ethics in the Transnational Korean Reproductive Technology Industry

The GW Institute for Korean Studies & Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Program Present:

Lecture Series

“Baby Miles”: Reproductive Rights, Labor, and Ethics
in the Transnational Korean Reproductive Technology Industry

 

Speaker

Sunhye Kim, Assistant Research Professor of International Affairs and Postdoctoral Fellow, GW Institute for Korean Studies

Moderator

    Jisoo M. Kim, Director, GW Institute for Korean Studies

Date & Time

Wednesday, January 20, 2020
2:00 pm – 4:00 pm

Location

Room 505, Elliott School of International Affairs,
the George Washington University, 1957 E Street, NW, Washington, DC 20052

Event Description

This research project examines the transnational circuits of the assisted reproductive technology (ART) industry in South Korea to demonstrate how the concepts of reproductive rights and labor have been contested, negotiated, and reconstructed by various actors—including infertile couples, gamete donors, gestational surrogates, state agents, and medical professionals—across national boundaries. This study envisions reproductive ethics as part of a transnational feminist agenda by examining the ethical issues raised by the complicated relationships between intended parents and gamete donors/gestational surrogates. Drawing on three years of multi-sited ethnographic research conducted in South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Ukraine, this project disputes the unilateral understanding of ART, which is typically conceptualized as having a unidirectional flow from the “West” to Asia, by focusing on the complex relations between Korean intended parents and non-Korean gamete providers and gestational surrogates.

Speaker

Sunhye Kim is Assistant Research Professor of International Affairs and Postdoctoral Fellow at the Institute for Korean Studies at GW. Her research and teaching focus on the politics of human (re)production, technology and gender, family and labor, cross-border medical tourism, and qualitative methods. She is also interested in Korean women’s movements and transnational feminism. She has published several journal articles and book chapters in English and Korean related to population policy, biomedical technology, and reproductive justice movement in English and Korean. She received her Ph.D. in the Department of Women’s Studies at the University of Maryland and earned her M.A. and B.A. in the Department of Sociology at Yonsei University. She is currently working on a book manuscript that examines how the concepts of reproductive rights and labor have been contested and negotiated by various actors—including infertile couples, gamete donors/gestational surrogates, state agents, and medical professionals—across national boundaries.

Moderator

portrait of Jisoo Kim in professional attire

Jisoo M. Kim is Korea Foundation Associate Professor of History, International Affairs, and East Asian Languages and Literatures and Director of the Institute for Korean Studies at GW. She received her Ph.D. in Korean History from Columbia University. She is a specialist in gender and legal history of early modern Korea. Her broader research interests include gender and sexuality, crime and justice, forensic medicine, literary representations of the law, history of emotions, vernacular, and gender writing. She is the author of The Emotions of Justice: Gender, Status, and Legal Performance in Chosŏn Korea (University of Washington Press, 2015), which was awarded the 2017 James Palais Prize of the Association for Asian Studies. She is also the co-editor of The Great East Asian War and the Birth of the Korean Nation by JaHyun Kim Haboush (Columbia University Press, 2016). She is currently working on two book projects titled Suspicious Deaths: Forensic Medicine, Dead Bodies, and Criminal Justice in Chosŏn Korea and Sexual Desire and Gendered Subjects: Decriminalization of Adultery Law in Korean History.

This event is open to public and on the record.

person laying in a field of small pink flowers

9/19 Curative Violence: How to Inhabit the Time Machine with Disability

GWIKS Lecture Series
“Curative Violence:
How to Inhabit the Time Machine with Disability”

Photograph by Park Young Sook,
The Madwomen Project: A Flower Shakes Her (2005)
Description of image:
A woman wearing a blue shirt and navy pants is lying on a bed of pink wildflower in bloom,
with her eyes closed and a slight smile on her face.

 

Speaker
Eunjung Kim
Associate Professor, Syracuse University

Date & Time
Thursday, September 19, 2019
2:00 pm – 4:00 pm

Location
Room 505
Elliott School of International Affairs, the George Washington University
1957 E Street, NW, Washington, DC 20052

Event Description

Presenting from her book, Curative Violence (2017), Kim will examine a direct link between cure and violence that appears in the representations of disability and Cold War imperialism in South Korea. She explores the notion of “folded time” in which the present disappears through the imperative of cure in the case of Hansen’s disease care. By thinking about the imperative of cure as a time machine that seeks to take us to the past and to the future by universalizing disability experiences and denying coevalness, Kim explores the possibility of inhabiting in the present with disability and illness. While calling attention to the transnational construction of disability under militarism and imperialism, Kim argues that the possibility of life with disability that is free from violence depends on the creation of a space and time where cure is understood as a negotiation rather than a necessity. In addition, Kim will introduce her work in progress on “necro-activism,” emerging in the form of persistent involvements of dead bodies and presences-other-than-human as important agents for making claims for justice.

Speaker

Eunjung Kim, Associate Professor, Syracuse University
Eunjung Kim is Associate Professor in the Department of Women’s and Gender Studies and Disability Studies Program at Syracuse University. Her book, Curative Violence: Rehabilitating Disabiity, Gender, and Sexuality in Modern Korea (Duke University Press, 2017) received Alison Piepmeier Award from the National Women’s Studies Association and the James B. Palais Book Prize from the Association for Asian Studies. Her work also appeared in several journals and anthologies, such as GLQ, Disability & Society, Sexualities, Catalyst, Intersectionality and Beyond, Against Health, and Asexualities.

 

Moderator

JisooModerator: Jisoo M. Kim, GW Institute for Korean Studies
Jisoo M. Kim is Korea Foundation Associate Professor of History, International Affairs, and East Asian Languages and Literatures and Director of the Institute for Korean Studies at GW. She received her Ph.D. in Korean History from Columbia University. She is a specialist in gender and legal history of early modern Korea. Her broader research interests include gender and sexuality, crime and justice, forensic medicine, literary representations of the law, history of emotions, vernacular, and gender writing. She is the author of The Emotions of Justice: Gender, Status, and Legal Performance in Chosŏn Korea (University of Washington Press, 2015), which was awarded the 2017 James Palais Prize of the Association for Asian Studies. She is also the co-editor of The Great East Asian War and the Birth of the Korean Nation by JaHyun Kim Haboush (Columbia University Press, 2016). She is currently working on two book projects titled Suspicious Deaths: Forensic Medicine, Dead Bodies, and Criminal Justice in Chosŏn Korea and Sexual Desire and Gendered Subjects: Decriminalization of Adultery Law in Korean History.

 

Communications Access Realtime Translation (CART) service will be provided
Light refreshments will be served
This event is on the record and open to the public
Please RSVP online at https://go.gwu.edu/gwiks919

Co-sponsored Lecture by the Sejong Society of Washington, D.C. and GW Institute for Korean Studies: Sumona Guha, “East Meets South: South Korea – India Relations”

On April 30, 2019, GWIKS and the Sejong Society of Washington D.C. co-sponsored a lecture series with Sumona Guha, Vice President of Albright Stonebridge Group, on East Meets South: South Korea – India Relations. The moderator Garrett J. R. Redfield, the Programming Director of the Sejong Society and Asia-Pacific Analyst at the Institute for Defense Analyses, began with a brief introduction of South Korea and its significance. While most discussions about the Korean Peninsula revolve around North Korea and its security issues, South Korea presents equal importance in its development because it is the 11th largest economy in the world, despite its small size. In November  2017, President Moon called for the “New Southern Policy,” which focuses on the 3P’s: people, prosperity, and peace. Among the three, President Moon aims to achieve success through mutually reciprocal economic cooperation. India is an essential pillar of this policy because it shares Korea’s core values of democracy and a liberal market economy, and views India as an emerging global growth engine. South Korea seeks to enhance its economic relations with India by upgrading the ROK-India comprehensive economic partnership agreement and supporting India’s flagship initiatives.

Guha began by commenting that India’s foreign policy is changing and listed a few points about India and South Korea relations. India had long attempted to situate itself in Asia through its “Act East Policy” to form linguistic and cultural ties with East Asia. Under Prime Minister Modi, India has taken initiatives to branch out and develop diplomatic relations with other countries, including South Korea. Prime Minister Modi’s global leadership agenda was also a way to attract foreign investment to India and expand India’s involvement in world affairs. Under Modi, India has deepened its ties with ASEAN and reformed its economic plan, modeled after China’s economic growth. Prime Minister Modi and President Moon have visited each South Korea and India and taken initiatives to deepen cooperation and bilateral relations with each other. Balancing China is also another essential agenda for India through strengthening institutions that many countries operate in, rather than direct confrontation. As India grows, Guha expects to see more South Korean commercial companies involved in India. Unlike ASEAN that hold regular meetings, South Korea and India may face challenges in that their cooperation is not regular.

Lecture Series: Chisu T. Ko, “Korean Women, Argentine Documentaries: A Look at La Chica del Sur (2012) and Una Canción Coreana (2014)”

On April 25, 2019, GWIKS and Latin American and Hemispheric Studies co-sponsored a lecture series with Professor Chisu Teresa Ko, Associate Professor of Spanish and Coordinator of the Latin American at Ursinus College, on “Korean Women, Argentine Documentaries: A Look at La Chica del Sur (2012) and Una Canción Coreana (2014)”. Moderated by Professor Jisoo M. Kim, Director of the Institute for Korean Studies at GW, Dr. Ko briefly explained how the Argentinian filmmaker José Luis García produced his 2012 documentary La chica del sur (“The Girl From the South”). In 1989, José Luis García arrived to World Festival of Youth and students in Pyongyang, where he met Lim Su-kyung, a young South Korean student who attended the festival in representation of  the student organization Jeondaehyop. Lim had obtained the nickname Flower of Reunification by calling for reunification of the two Koreas, openly criticizing the South Korean Government, sympathizing with North Korea, and insisting on returning to South Korea through the military demarcation line in the DMZ. Enchanted by Lim’s bold and charismatic gesture of traveling to North Korea despite South Korea’s strict national security laws, García later searched her on the internet, traveled to South Korea and interviewed her in 2011. Dr. Ko then introduced another film Una Canción Coreana (“A Korean Song”), co-directed by two Argentine directors, Gustavo Tarrío and Yael Tujsnaider. An-Ra Chung, unlike Lim Su-kyung, is not a famous political icon, but a typical Korean immigrant in Buenos Aires. The documentary portrays Chung’s busy daily life, complex family and work, and a process of opening a new Korean restaurant. Chung is represented as a member of a Korean community that exist in a segregated bubble with little exchange with what is considered Argentine society.  

Dr. Ko points out how the films depict both Lim and Chung’s voices being silenced by gender power dynamics and changing political discourses. While Lim spoke in front of the international press and tens of thousands of spectators about the issues of inter-Korean relations, she is still expected to maintain the role of typical Korean women, preparing food for her guests and family and not participating in conversations. In the documentary, Lim remain silent and invisible when surrounded by older Korean men, and strangers comment on her appearance. Men would explain things to her, even her own political ideology, despite her status as a political icon, activist and professor. Even García himself seems more infatuated about the idea of fragrant Oriental woman and absorbed in the urge to liberate her from oppressive, patriarchal society, rather than addressing the issue of reunification or gender. The documentary  Una Canción Coreana highlights the contradiction of a superwoman who seems to lack a sense of self. Chung is a successful business woman, a voice teacher, a performer and a mother of two children. The film also display her as someone who lacks individual identity and describes herself in tentative terms. The image of Oriental with with lack of self identity maps out perfectly to her construction of herself in hierarchical relation to others, such as her mother-in-law. The film also displays that her husband Victor Ho making all the decisions for her and speaks for her.However, as the film continues, the audience witnesses Chung taking control of and becoming an agent in of the production of the film. The filmmakers’ portrayal reveals the Argentine imaginary of Korean women silenced in patriarchal society.   

Dr. Ko remarked that there has been a surprising surge of documentary films about the Korean community in Argentina recently. This sudden interest of Korean community follows simultaneous invisibility and hypervisibility of Koreans in the Argentine imaginary. Korean immigration to Argentina began in 1960s and peaked in 1990s. Reportedly more than 40,000 Koreans are settling in Argentina. Until recently, representation of Korean community in popular culture and media had been scarce and often negative. They were invisible because they were considered numerically insignificant, foreign, and highly unsimilarable group. But other times, they were hypervisible for the same reasons. The large influx of Korean immigrants in the 1990s was considered “yellow invasion” and Korean immigrants were accused of not learning Spanish, tax evaders, exploiters, and even slave holders. Stereotypes about Korean immigrants can be seen from the sketch character La Coreana performed in yellowface by comedian Juana Molina. La Coreana is described as supermarket owner who is very sneaky and smart with money, always finding ways to rip off her customers, but unintelligent in everything else and used broken Spanish. While much of explicit anti-Korean portrayal id disappearing from mainstream media, Korean descendants are often discriminated against as ultimate foreigners. After discussing the representation of Koreans in Argentine media, Dr. Ko concluded the lecture by arguing that within the realm of representation of Koreans and Asians at large in Argentina, these films exemplify an important turning point. Within the problematic new model of Argentine multiculturalism based on a system of recognition that maintains the hegemony of the recognizer and essentializes the recognized, the position of Asians in Argentina is especially problematic. While Asians have been highly visible as instruments of multiculturalism, they were considered outsiders, exotic foreigners locked in Argentine ideology of Orientalism .       

Chisu Talk

[April 25th, 2019] Korean Women, Argentine Documentaries: A Look at La chica del sur (2012) and Una canción coreana (2014)

                                                                                                                                          

 

The Institute for Korean Studies
and
The Latin American & Hemispheric Studies Program
Present:


Lecture Series, “Korean Women, Argentine Documentaries:
A Look at La chica del sur (2012) and Una canción coreana (2014)”

 

Chisu Talk

Speaker
Chisu Teresa Ko, Associate Professor of Spanish, Ursinus College

Date & Time
Thursday, April 25, 2019, 1:00 pm – 3:00 pm

Venue
503 Conference Room
Elliott School of International Affairs, the George Washington University
1957 E Street, NW, Washington, DC 20052

 


 

◊ Event Description

This talk examines two recent Argentine documentaries focused on Korean women. La chica del sur (The Girl from the South, 2012) by José Luis García features the iconic South Korean student activist, Lim Su Kyung, who shocked the world in 1989 by visiting North Korea for the 13th World Festival of Youth and Students, a transgression for which she would be sentenced to five years in a South Korean prison. Una canción coreana (A Korean Song, 2014) by Yael Tujsnaider and Gustavo Tarrío sets out to depict the daily life of Ana Jung, a Korean immigrant in Buenos Aires, as she works on her artistic, business, and familial pursuits. While both women have “vocal” jobs and vocations—Lim is a politician and Jung a singer—the documentaries turn their attention to the ways their voices are silenced by gendered power structures or changing political discourses. This talk will take a close look at how these two Korean women are documented and imagined from the Argentine perspective. Furthermore, given that representations of Koreans in Argentina have been scarce and often negative, this talk also attempts to understand the ‘why’ and ‘why now’ of these two documentaries.

 

◊ Speaker

ctk

Chisu Teresa Ko, Ursinus College

Chisu Teresa Ko is Associate Professor of Spanish and Coordinator of the Latin American at Ursinus College. She specializes in Argentine cultural and racial studies with an emphasis on Asian Argentines. Her work on Argentine multiculturalism, Orientalism, and the place of Asians in Argentine cultural production has appeared in a wide range of scholarly venues. She is currently working on a book project titled Argentina: Race in a Raceless Nation.

 

 

 

◊ Moderator

Moderator: Jisoo M. Kim, GW Institute for Korean Studies

Jisoo M. Kim is Korea Foundation Associate Professor of History, International Affairs, and East Asian Languages and Literatures and Director of the Institute for Korean Studies at GW. She received her Ph.D. in Korean History from Columbia University. She is a specialist in gender and legal history of early modern Korea. Her broader research interests include gender and sexuality, crime and justice, forensic medicine, literary representations of the law, history of emotions, vernacular, and gender writing. She is the author of The Emotions of Justice: Gender, Status, and Legal Performance in Chosŏn Korea (University of Washington Press, 2015), which was awarded the 2017 James Palais Prize of the Association for Asian Studies. She is also the co-editor of The Great East Asian War and the Birth of the Korean Nation by JaHyun Kim Haboush (Columbia University Press, 2016). She is currently working on a new book project titled Suspicious Deaths: Forensic Medicine, Dead Bodies, and Criminal Justice in Chosŏn Korea.

 

 

 

This event is on the record and open to the media.

Lecture Series, “Paintings, Songs, and Board Games: Travels to Kŭmgangsan in Late Chosŏn Korea (1600-1900)” with Maya Stiller

On March 7th, 2019, GWIKS hosted a lecture series with Professor Maya Stiller, Assistant Professor of Korean Art and Visual Culture at the University of Kansas, on “Paintings, Songs, and Board Games: Travels to Kŭmgangsan in Late Chosŏn Korea (1600-1900)”. Moderated by Dr. Jisoo M. Kim, the Director of the GW Institute for Korean Studies, Dr. Stiller began by introducing facts about the field of Korean art history. She explained that the field of Korean art history is a relatively new field, compared to Japanese and Chinese art histories. As she introduced some of the overseas scholars who led the study in Korean art history, she noted that most of these scholars focused on painting. Another significant trend in not only Korea but Europe and the United States as well is a study in the 20th century and contemporary Korean art, particularly from the Colonial Era. By looking at a broad range of visual and material objects, Dr. Stiller’s current book project combines the study of visual and material objects with literary source materials and historical records and widens the scope of interdisciplinary research of Korean art history. She argued that Kŭmgangsan was a status pilgrimage site. From the 16th century onward, Late Chosŏn travelers traveled to Kŭmgangsan to garner social and cultural capital by visiting sites that famous scholars had previously visited. Travels to Kŭmgangsan were seen as an indicator of one’s elite status. Paintings, songs, and board games were methods for people who could not physically travel to Kŭmgangsan to virtually travel there and obtain cultural capital. Then Dr. Stiller proceeded to explain travel routes to Kŭmgangsan were so time-consuming and expensive that only a few people were able to afford it.

Dr. Stiller then presented the audience with photographs of Kŭmgangsan and explained the landscape and rock formations in detail. Late Chosŏn period Koreans used various methods -songs, paintings, and board games – to virtually travel to Kŭmgangsan in order to strengthen their social and cultural capital. After presenting examples of each method and interpreting them in detail, she concluded by enlightening the audience of how the perception of Kŭmgangsan changed in the 20th century and what the mountain means to the Korean people.

 

Old Korean board with Chinese characters and drawings of people

[March 7, 2019] “Paintings, Songs, and Board Games: Travels to Kŭmgangsan in Late Chosŏn Korea (1600-1900)”

GWIKS Lecture Series

“Paintings, Songs, and Board Games: Travels to Kŭmgangsan in Late Chosŏn Korea (1600-1900)”

 

 

Speaker: Maya Stiller, University of Kansas

Moderator:  Jisoo M. Kim, GW Institute for Korean Studies

 

Thursday, March 7, 2019, 2:00 pm – 3:30 pm

Elliott School of International Affairs Room 505, the George Washington University

1957 E Street NW, Washington, DC 20052

 

◊ Description

Kŭmgangsan, also known as the Diamond Mountains, has a vibrant and rich history as one of the most famous mountains in Korea. In the late Chosŏn period, sophisticated knowledge about the mountain was a prerequisite to being considered cultured. Therefore, (aspiring) elite groups used a variety of virtual options such as travel accounts, folding screens, board games and songs to travel to the mountain and acquire knowledge about Kŭmgangsan. These forms of virtual travel have an organizing principle in common that reveals pre-modern understandings of the arrangement of places and their histories to optimize the memorization of important cultural sites. Combining the study of visual, literary, sonic, and haptic dimensions of Kŭmgangsan, this research complements previous art history scholarship which focused primarily on the mountain’s depiction in landscape paintings.

 

Speaker:  Maya Stiller, University of Kansas

 Maya Stiller is Assistant Professor of Korean Art and Visual Culture at the University of Kansas. From 2015 until 2018, she was a post-doctoral fellow at Harvard University’s Department of Art History and Architecture and a fellow at Harvard University’s Korea Institute. As an art historian with an interdisciplinary approach, Maya Stiller explores the visual cultures of Chosŏn period (1392-1910) Korea. Her article “The Politics of Commemoration: Patronage of Monk-General Shrines in Late Chosŏn Korea” was published in The Journal of Asian Studies in 2018. An article entitled “Slaves, Village Headmen, and Aristocrats: Patronage and Functions of Buddhist Sculpture Burials in Pre-Twentieth Century Korea” is scheduled for publication in Cahiers d’Extreme-Asie in 2019. Maya Stiller’s research projects have received support from the ACLS/Robert Ho Family Foundation, Harvard University’s Korea Institute and the Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies at Seoul National University.

 

Moderator: Jisoo M. Kim, GW Institute for Korean Studies

Jisoo M. Kim is Korea Foundation Associate Professor of History, International Affairs, and East Asian Languages and Literatures and Director of the Institute for Korean Studies at GW. She received her Ph.D. in Korean History from Columbia University. She is a specialist in gender and legal history of early modern Korea. She is the author of The Emotions of Justice: Gender, Status, and Legal Performance in Chosŏn Korea (University of Washington Press, 2015), which was awarded the 2017 James Palais Prize of the Association for Asian Studies. She is also the co-editor of The Great East Asian War and the Birth of the Korean Nation by JaHyun Kim Haboush (Columbia University Press, 2016).

 

This event is on the record and open to the media.

Lecture Series: “Democratization and Gender in Postcolonial South Korea”

On October 31, 2018, Eunkyung Kim, Research Professor of Research Institute of Asian Women at Sookmyung Women’s University and Administrative Director of Korean Association of Women’s History, gave a lecture on “Democratization and Gender in Postcolonial South Korea.” Gender discriminations were concealed and expected to disappear after democratization. However, hate speech and violence against women and sexual minorities not only persisted, but  increased after Korean democracy has been stabilized. Dr. Kim questioned what democratization meant for women in contemporary South Korea.

Dr. Kim opened the lecture by sharing her experience as a college student. During the democratization movement of South Korea, young intellectuals were involved in series of protests. Female students had erased their femininity by not wearing make-up and skirts and using terms such as ‘hyung’– a term used by male to refer to an older male – to refer to their male counterparts, because femininity was perceived as emotional, passive, and wasteful. At the same time, some female students utilized those feminine qualities to avoid arrest.

Dr. Kim also introduced two Korean films: To You, From Me (1994) and Madame Freedom (1956) to address society’s perception on familial values, women’s sexuality, and intellectuals who led the protests. In the film To You, From Me, the director criticizes the popular intellectual ideas, by displaying an elite male activist expressing his arrogance and patriarchal attitude to the heroine. In the scene in which he engages in a violent, forced intercourse with her while yelling “Anti-fascism, anti-Americanism.”, the director points out his hypocritical behavior of committing another form of violent crime as he criticizes authoritarianism. Madame Freedom depicts western influence as threat to Korean ethnic values and traditions. Dr. Kim addressed that male intellectuals at the time were concerned about women becoming “Americanized” and spoiling the purity of Korean ethnicity. The main character in the film was an archetype of “wise mother, good wife” in a traditional patriarchal household until she was introduced to western culture. She began to have an affair with her dancing partner next door, who was “Americanized”. The man she has an affair with decorated his house with American goods and always spoke about liberty and human rights. Her husband was also having an affair, but his infidelity was portrayed as one that did not threaten the marriage and familial values. As the film explicitly depicts, the South Korean society perceived western culture as something that destroys traditional gender roles and alters female sexuality.

Dr. Kim then addressed the New Family Law and its implication on everyday lives. While the law seemed to support gender equality, it was actually gender discriminatory. The New Family Law allowed women to take legal actions, buy and sell property without permission from their spouses and even allowed free divorce. Male lawmakers were not concerned with women’s rights, but tried to evaluate women’s issues under a broader scope of democratization and modernization. Dr. Kim concluded the lecture by stating that the New Family Law did not reflect the voices of women, failed to break gender inequality, and did not enhance gender sensitization.

portrait of Eunkyung Kim in professional attire

[October 31, 2018] Democratization and Gender in Postcolonial South Korea

Lecture Series with Eunkyung Kim

 

“Democratization and Gender in Postcolonial South Korea”

Wednesday, October 31, 2018
1:00 pm – 2:30 pm
Room 505, Elliott School of 
International Affairs

1957 E St. NW, Room 505, Washington, DC 20052

 

South Korea achieved rapid economic development and democratization. On the one hand, Korean democracy seems to have taken root and stabilized. On the other hand, it is the case that hate speech and violence against women and sexual minorities are increasing. Dr. Kim questions what democratization means for women in contemporary South Korea. She explores its historical trajectory focusing on the new civil code that has gender discriminatory characteristics in postcolonial South Korea.

 

Speaker

Eunkyung Kim

Eunkyung Kim is Research Professor of Research Institute of Asian Women at Sookmyung Women’s University and Administrative Director of Korean Association of Women’s History. Her research focuses on the issues of gender, sexuality, family, and cultural history of cinema in South Korea. She is the author of Cultural History of Korean Students: From Liberation to the 1960 April Revolution (Seohaemunjip, 2018).

 

Moderator

Celeste Arrington

 

Celeste L. Arrington is Korea Foundation Assistant Professor of Political Science and International Affairs at the George Washington University. She specializes in comparative politics, with a regional focus on the Koreas and Japan. Her research and teaching focus on law and social movements, the politics of redress, the media, litigation, lawyers, policy-making processes, historical justice, North Korean human rights, and qualitative methods. She is also interested in the international relations and security of Northeast Asia and transnational activism. She is the author ofAccidental Activists: Victims and Government Accountability in South Korea and Japan (2016) and has published in the Comparative Political Studies, Law & Society Review, Journal of East Asian Studies, Pacific Affairs, Asian Survey, and the Washington Post, among others. She received a Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley, an MPhil from the University of Cambridge, and an A.B. from Princeton University. She is currently writing a book that analyzes the role of lawyers and legal activism in Japanese and Korean policies related to persons with disabilities and tobacco control.